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國家環(huan)境監管能力(li)建設“十二五(wu)”規劃(hua)發布

投資四百億提升環境監管能(neng)力

　　中國環(huan)境報訊環(huan)境保護部、國家發(fa)展(zhan)改革委、財政部近日聯合印發(fa)《國家環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)“十二五”規劃(hua)(hua)》（以下簡稱《規劃(hua)(hua)》），以總(zong)量(liang)減排、質量(liang)改善(shan)(shan)、風(feng)險防范、基礎完(wan)善(shan)(shan)為著力(li)(li)點，在環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)(jian)察、預警(jing)、應急、信(xin)息、評估、統(tong)計(ji)、科技、宣(xuan)教等領(ling)域開展(zhan)能(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)，切實加強環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能(neng)力(li)(li)。

　　《規劃(hua)》提(ti)出，環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監管(guan)是環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)管(guan)理的重要(yao)組成部分，是實現環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護(hu)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)的重要(yao)保障，是推進環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)基本公共服務均等化的重要(yao)內容。圍繞(rao)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護(hu)“總量減排、質(zhi)量改(gai)善(shan)、風險防范、均衡發展”目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)要(yao)求，在污染源(yuan)與(yu)總量減排監管(guan)能力(li)(li)全面提(ti)高、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量監測與(yu)評估考核能力(li)(li)顯著提(ti)升、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)預警與(yu)應急(ji)能力(li)(li)系統加強、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)綜合(he)監督(du)管(guan)理基礎設施基本完善(shan)等4個(ge)方面提(ti)出環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監管(guan)能力(li)(li)建設的目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)。

　　《規(gui)劃》明(ming)確，到(dao)2015年(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)構裝備(bei)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)到(dao)85%，地(di)(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)到(dao)90%，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)到(dao)95%。機(ji)動車、污染(ran)源監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)、科技(ji)支撐(cheng)和(he)統計(ji)能(neng)力(li)顯著(zhu)增強(qiang)。全(quan)國(guo)縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)站(zhan)基(ji)本(ben)設備(bei)配(pei)置達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)到(dao)90%，地(di)(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)基(ji)本(ben)實現(xian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)全(quan)部(bu)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)。中(zhong)央(yang)本(ben)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)顯著(zhu)加強(qiang)。重金屬、危險廢物(wu)、危險化學品、放(fang)射性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)等污染(ran)事(shi)(shi)件防范水(shui)平顯著(zhu)提(ti)高。地(di)(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)站(zhan)具備(bei)較強(qiang)的(de)應急監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)基(ji)本(ben)具備(bei)預(yu)警監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)。地(di)(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應急管(guan)(guan)理機(ji)構二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)70%以上，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)構二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)到(dao)100%。國(guo)家、省級(ji)(ji)(ji)輻(fu)射環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)達(da)(da)到(dao)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化要求(qiu)，初步具備(bei)相對獨立、較為完整的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)分析評價(jia)、校核(he)計(ji)算(suan)和(he)實驗驗證能(neng)力(li)，核(he)與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射安(an)(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能(neng)力(li)與(yu)(yu)核(he)事(shi)(shi)業(ye)發展同步提(ti)高。建(jian)成一批市(shi)、縣(xian)環(huan)(huan)保(bao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)業(ye)務用(yong)房(fang)。建(jian)設國(guo)家環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)規(gui)劃與(yu)(yu)工程評估、華北環(huan)(huan)保(bao)督(du)查中(zhong)心綜合業(ye)務用(yong)房(fang)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)家核(he)與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射安(an)(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)技(ji)術研發基(ji)地(di)(di)，基(ji)本(ben)建(jian)成6個區域性(xing)核(he)與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射安(an)(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)站(zhan)業(ye)務用(yong)房(fang)。地(di)(di)市(shi)以上環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信息與(yu)(yu)宣教機(ji)構設備(bei)配(pei)置達(da)(da)到(dao)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化要求(qiu)。

　　《規劃》要求(qiu)，一(yi)是(shi)提(ti)升(sheng)污染源(yuan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)減排(pai)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)水平(ping)。加(jia)強(qiang)現(xian)場執法裝備配置，落實(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)察(cha)執法能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)驗(yan)收(shou)工作；完善污染源(yuan)自動(dong)監(jian)控網絡，落實(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)控中(zhong)心與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)重點(dian)(dian)行業監(jian)控；強(qiang)化(hua)污染源(yuan)監(jian)督(du)性監(jian)測(ce)(ce)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)數據(ju)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)控制，促進(jin)自動(dong)監(jian)控數據(ju)應用(yong)(yong)；啟動(dong)機(ji)動(dong)車與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)農業面源(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設，拓展污染源(yuan)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)領域；加(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)計能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設，提(ti)升(sheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)計對總(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)減排(pai)等重點(dian)(dian)工作支撐能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；夯(hang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)息(xi)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)基礎(chu)，推(tui)進(jin)物(wu)聯網在(zai)污染減排(pai)中(zhong)的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)。二是(shi)提(ti)高環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)評(ping)估考核(he)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。填平(ping)補齊(qi)，繼續推(tui)進(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)標準化(hua)建(jian)(jian)設；提(ti)高空氣、揮發性有機(ji)物(wu)、重金屬(shu)等新增指(zhi)標的(de)(de)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；優化(hua)完善國家(jia)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)網；利用(yong)(yong)衛星遙感和地面監(jian)測(ce)(ce)手(shou)段，開展生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)評(ping)價(jia)；完善環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)督(du)考核(he)體(ti)系，實(shi)(shi)(shi)施環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)督(du)考核(he)。三是(shi)加(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)應急能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設。提(ti)升(sheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；加(jia)強(qiang)核(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射安全監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設，形成相對獨(du)立(li)、較為完整(zheng)的(de)(de)核(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射安全分析(xi)評(ping)價(jia)、校核(he)計算和實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)驗(yan)證能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；提(ti)高重金屬(shu)、危險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)及危險(xian)(xian)化(hua)學品風(feng)險(xian)(xian)防范能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)對危險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)和危險(xian)(xian)化(hua)學品等處置、運輸和轉(zhuan)移的(de)(de)全面監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；建(jian)(jian)設環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警網絡，建(jian)(jian)立(li)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應急指(zhi)揮系統(tong)和平(ping)臺網絡，加(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應急響應能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和應急技術支撐能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。四是(shi)夯(hang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合(he)監(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理基礎(chu)，推(tui)進(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合(he)監(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理基礎(chu)體(ti)系建(jian)(jian)設。

　　《規劃》指出，結合(he)四大領域任務，實(shi)施基礎(chu)(chu)、保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)、人(ren)才等(deng)(deng)三大工程，規劃總投資400億(yi)元。基礎(chu)(chu)工程包(bao)括環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)測、監(jian)察、應急(ji)、信息、評(ping)估(gu)、宣(xuan)教(jiao)等(deng)(deng)能力建(jian)設和標準化建(jian)設、新增主(zhu)要污(wu)染(ran)物監(jian)管能力建(jian)設等(deng)(deng)10項。保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)工程包(bao)括污(wu)染(ran)源與總量減排(pai)監(jian)管運行保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)、環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)測與評(ping)估(gu)運行保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)等(deng)(deng)4項。人(ren)才工程包(bao)括環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)測、監(jian)察、應急(ji)、信息、評(ping)估(gu)、宣(xuan)教(jiao)等(deng)(deng)8項。全面提(ti)升(sheng)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管能力，為實(shi)現“十二五”環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護目標、建(jian)設生態文明(ming)提(ti)供有力保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。

　　為確(que)保順利(li)實(shi)施，《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)》要(yao)求，切實(shi)加(jia)(jia)強組織領導，全面推(tui)進(jin)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)實(shi)施。統籌國(guo)家與地(di)(di)方(fang)環境(jing)(jing)保護規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)、各專項(xiang)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)與《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)》的銜(xian)接、配套，建立并完善(shan)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)庫，提(ti)高項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)儲(chu)備能力。明確(que)中(zhong)央與地(di)(di)方(fang)事權劃(hua)(hua)分，將(jiang)環境(jing)(jing)監管能力建設和運行費用(yong)納入各級財政預算(suan)予以重點保障，確(que)保資(zi)金(jin)到位。加(jia)(jia)強項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)資(zi)金(jin)監管，實(shi)施項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)績效(xiao)評估，提(ti)高資(zi)金(jin)使用(yong)效(xiao)益。加(jia)(jia)強環境(jing)(jing)監管人才(cai)隊伍建設，實(shi)施人才(cai)體制機(ji)制創新(xin)，提(ti)升人才(cai)發展的基礎保障能力。建立健(jian)全規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)實(shi)施定期通報和評估制度(du)，適(shi)時對規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)執行情況進(jin)行期末評估。

 來源（中國環境報）