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國家環境(jing)監管能力(li)建設“十二五”規劃發布

投資四百億提(ti)升環(huan)境(jing)監管能力

　　中(zhong)國環境(jing)報訊環境(jing)保護部(bu)、國家(jia)(jia)發(fa)展改革委、財政部(bu)近(jin)日聯合印發(fa)《國家(jia)(jia)環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能力建(jian)(jian)設“十二五”規劃(hua)》（以下簡稱《規劃(hua)》），以總量減排、質量改善、風險(xian)防范、基(ji)礎完善為(wei)著力點，在環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)(jian)察、預警、應急、信息、評估、統計、科技、宣教等領域開展能力建(jian)(jian)設，切實(shi)加(jia)強環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能力。

　　《規(gui)劃》提出(chu)(chu)，環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監管是環(huan)境(jing)(jing)管理(li)的重要(yao)組成部分，是實現環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護目(mu)標(biao)的重要(yao)保障，是推(tui)進環(huan)境(jing)(jing)基(ji)本(ben)公共服務均等化的重要(yao)內(nei)容(rong)。圍繞(rao)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護“總量減排、質(zhi)量改善(shan)(shan)、風險防范(fan)、均衡發展”目(mu)標(biao)要(yao)求(qiu)，在污(wu)染源與(yu)總量減排監管能力(li)全面提高、環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量監測與(yu)評估考核能力(li)顯著提升、環(huan)境(jing)(jing)預警與(yu)應急能力(li)系統(tong)加強、環(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜合監督(du)管理(li)基(ji)礎(chu)設施基(ji)本(ben)完善(shan)(shan)等4個方面提出(chu)(chu)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監管能力(li)建設的目(mu)標(biao)。

　　《規(gui)劃》明確，到(dao)(dao)2015年，全國(guo)(guo)縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)察機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)裝備達(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)85%，地(di)(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)90%，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)95%。機(ji)(ji)(ji)動車、污染(ran)源(yuan)監(jian)管(guan)、科技(ji)支撐和統計能(neng)力(li)(li)顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)增強(qiang)。全國(guo)(guo)縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)站基(ji)本設備配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)90%，地(di)(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站基(ji)本實現標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站全部達(da)(da)標(biao)。中央本級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)加強(qiang)。重金屬、危險廢物、危險化(hua)學品(pin)、放射(she)性物質等污染(ran)事件(jian)防范水(shui)平顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)提(ti)高(gao)。地(di)(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)站具備較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)(de)應急監(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站基(ji)本具備預(yu)警監(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)。地(di)(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)應急管(guan)理機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)70%以上，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)100%。國(guo)(guo)家、省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)輻射(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)要(yao)求，初(chu)步具備相對獨立、較(jiao)為完整(zheng)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全分析(xi)評價、校核(he)(he)(he)計算和實驗驗證(zheng)能(neng)力(li)(li)，核(he)(he)(he)與(yu)輻射(she)安(an)(an)全監(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)(li)與(yu)核(he)(he)(he)事業發(fa)展(zhan)同步提(ti)高(gao)。建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)一批市(shi)、縣環(huan)(huan)(huan)保監(jian)管(guan)業務用(yong)房。建(jian)(jian)設國(guo)(guo)家環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)規(gui)劃與(yu)工程評估(gu)、華北環(huan)(huan)(huan)保督查(cha)中心綜合業務用(yong)房與(yu)國(guo)(guo)家核(he)(he)(he)與(yu)輻射(she)安(an)(an)全監(jian)管(guan)技(ji)術研發(fa)基(ji)地(di)(di)，基(ji)本建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)6個區域性核(he)(he)(he)與(yu)輻射(she)安(an)(an)全監(jian)督站業務用(yong)房。地(di)(di)市(shi)以上環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)信息與(yu)宣(xuan)教機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)設備配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)要(yao)求。

　　《規劃》要求，一是提(ti)升(sheng)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)總量(liang)(liang)減(jian)排監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)水平(ping)。加(jia)強(qiang)現場執(zhi)法裝備(bei)配置，落實(shi)監(jian)(jian)察執(zhi)法能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)驗收工作；完善(shan)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)自動監(jian)(jian)控網(wang)絡(luo)，落實(shi)監(jian)(jian)控中心與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)重(zhong)點行(xing)業監(jian)(jian)控；強(qiang)化污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)督(du)性監(jian)(jian)測(ce)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)數(shu)據質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控制，促進(jin)(jin)自動監(jian)(jian)控數(shu)據應(ying)(ying)用；啟動機(ji)動車與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)農(nong)業面(mian)源(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，拓展污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)領(ling)域；加(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)計能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，提(ti)升(sheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)計對總量(liang)(liang)減(jian)排等重(zhong)點工作支撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信息能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)基礎(chu)，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)在(zai)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)減(jian)排中的應(ying)(ying)用。二是提(ti)高(gao)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)評(ping)(ping)估考核能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。填(tian)平(ping)補齊，繼(ji)續(xu)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)標準化建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)；提(ti)高(gao)空氣(qi)、揮發性有機(ji)物(wu)(wu)、重(zhong)金屬(shu)等新增指(zhi)(zhi)標的監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；優化完善(shan)國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)網(wang)；利用衛星(xing)遙(yao)感(gan)和(he)(he)地(di)面(mian)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)手段，開展生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)評(ping)(ping)價；完善(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)督(du)考核體系，實(shi)施環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)督(du)考核。三(san)是加(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。提(ti)升(sheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；加(jia)強(qiang)核與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射安全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，形成相對獨(du)立、較為完整的核與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射安全(quan)(quan)分析評(ping)(ping)價、校核計算(suan)和(he)(he)實(shi)驗驗證(zheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；提(ti)高(gao)重(zhong)金屬(shu)、危險(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)及危險(xian)化學品(pin)風險(xian)防范能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)現對危險(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)危險(xian)化學品(pin)等處(chu)置、運輸和(he)(he)轉移的全(quan)(quan)面(mian)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警網(wang)絡(luo)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)指(zhi)(zhi)揮系統(tong)和(he)(he)平(ping)臺網(wang)絡(luo)，加(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)響應(ying)(ying)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)技(ji)術支撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。四是夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合監(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)基礎(chu)，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合監(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)基礎(chu)體系建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。

　　《規劃》指出，結(jie)合四(si)大領(ling)域任務(wu)，實施基礎(chu)、保障(zhang)、人才(cai)等(deng)三大工(gong)程，規劃總(zong)投資400億元。基礎(chu)工(gong)程包(bao)括環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察、應急、信息、評(ping)(ping)估、宣教(jiao)等(deng)能力建設(she)和(he)標準(zhun)化(hua)建設(she)、新(xin)增主要污(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能力建設(she)等(deng)10項。保障(zhang)工(gong)程包(bao)括污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源與總(zong)量減排監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)運(yun)行(xing)保障(zhang)、環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與評(ping)(ping)估運(yun)行(xing)保障(zhang)等(deng)4項。人才(cai)工(gong)程包(bao)括環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察、應急、信息、評(ping)(ping)估、宣教(jiao)等(deng)8項。全面提升環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能力，為(wei)實現“十二五”環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護目(mu)標、建設(she)生態文明提供有(you)力保障(zhang)。

　　為確(que)保(bao)(bao)順(shun)利實施(shi)，《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)》要求，切實加強組織領導，全(quan)面推進(jin)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)實施(shi)。統籌國家與(yu)地(di)方(fang)環境保(bao)(bao)護規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)、各專項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)與(yu)《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)》的(de)銜接、配套(tao)，建立并完善項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)庫(ku)，提高(gao)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)儲(chu)備能(neng)力(li)。明確(que)中(zhong)央與(yu)地(di)方(fang)事(shi)權劃(hua)(hua)分，將環境監管能(neng)力(li)建設(she)和運行(xing)費用納入各級財政(zheng)預(yu)算予(yu)以重點保(bao)(bao)障，確(que)保(bao)(bao)資金到位(wei)。加強項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)資金監管，實施(shi)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)績效(xiao)評估(gu)，提高(gao)資金使用效(xiao)益。加強環境監管人(ren)(ren)才(cai)隊伍建設(she)，實施(shi)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)創新，提升人(ren)(ren)才(cai)發展的(de)基礎保(bao)(bao)障能(neng)力(li)。建立健全(quan)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)實施(shi)定期(qi)通報(bao)和評估(gu)制(zhi)度，適(shi)時對(dui)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)執(zhi)行(xing)情況進(jin)行(xing)期(qi)末(mo)評估(gu)。

 來源（中國環境報）